Byatangajwe · Rwanda

Gufungura konti ya banki y'ikigo i Bushinwa: Inama z'ibikorwa ku bashinze ibigo bo mu Rwanda

Ubuyobozi bw'ibikorwa ku bashinze ibigo bo mu Rwanda bafungura konti ya banki y'ikigo i Bushinwa: ibisabwa, uko bigenda, amahitamo ya banki, ikibazo cy'ururimi n'ibindi. Ni amakuru rusange, atari inama z'amategeko cyangwa imisoro.

Gufungura konti ya banki y'ikigo (corporate bank account) ni intambwe y'ibanze ku munyeshuri cyangwa umushinze ikigo wo mu Rwanda ushaka gucuruza cyangwa gushora imari i Bushinwa. Nta kigo gishobora kwishyura abakozi, kwakira amafaranga y'abakiriya, cyangwa kwishyura imisoro nta konti ya banki y'ikigo. Iyi ngingo isobanura uko bigenda mu buryo bw'ibikorwa, ibisabwa, n'ibintu by'ingenzi byo kwitondera. Iri ni amakuru rusange gusa, atari inama z'amategeko cyangwa imisoro.

Icyo konti ya banki y'ikigo ikora mu Bushinwa

Mu Bushinwa, konti ya banki y'ikigo itandukanye n'iya muntu ku giti cye. Ikigo gishya gikenera byibuze konti ebyiri z'ibanze: konti y'ibanze (basic account) na konti y'ubwishyu (general account). Konti y'ibanze ni yo yemewe gukora ibikorwa by'amafaranga y'ingenzi nk' kwishyura imisoro no kubona amafaranga y'ishoramari ryatanzwe n'umushinga. Konti y'ubwishyu zishobora kuba nyinshi kandi zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi bwa buri munsi.

Hari kandi itandukaniro hagati y'amafaranga y'iwacu (RMB) n'amafaranga y'amahanga (foreign currency account). Umushinze ikigo wo mu Rwanda akenshi aba akeneye konti y'amahanga kugira ngo yinjize amafaranga ava mu mahanga, ariko kandi ashobora gukenera konti ya RMB ku bicuruzwa byo mu Bushinwa.

Ibisabwa mbere yo kujya kuri banki

Mbere y'uko ujya kuri banki, ugomba kuba umaze gushinga ikigo mu buryo bwemewe n'amategeko y'u Bushinwa. Ibi bisanzwe bikubiyemo:

• Inyandiko y'iyandikishwa ry'ikigo (business license) yatanzwe n'ubuyobozi bw'ubucuruzi n'inganda (SAMR).
• Kopi y'amategeko shingiro y'ikigo (articles of association) n'inyandiko z'impinduka niba zihari.
• Indangamuntu y'umuyobozi w'ikigo n'iya ba mwene banki bazakora ku konti.
• Icyemezo cy'aho ikigo giherereye (proof of address) nk'amasezerano y'ubukode bw'ibiro.
• Ikimenyetso cy'ikigo (company seal) n'ibimenyetso by'ibikorwa.
• Inyandiko z'ishoramari niba ari ikigo gifite ishoramari ry'amahanga (FDI), harimo icyemezo cy'iyandikishwa ry'ishoramari.

Buri banki ishobora gusaba inyandiko zinyuranye. Ni ngombwa kuvugana na banki mbere kugira ngo umenye urutonde rwuzuye, kuko gutinda gutegura inyandiko bishobora gutuma ibikorwa bidindira.

Uko bigenda kuva ku ikigo kugeza kuri konti

1. Gutoranya banki

Mu Bushinwa hari banki nyinshi, harimo banki za leta nini nka Bank of China, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Construction Bank, n'abandi. Hari kandi banki z'ubucuruzi nto n'amasosiyete mpuzamahanga. Umushinze ikigo wo mu Rwanda akwiriye gutekereza ku bintu bikurikira: aho banki iherereye hafi y'ibiro bye, ubushobozi bwo kuvugana mu Cyongereza, amafaranga y'ubwishyu, n'ubwoko bw'amafaranga y'amahanga ishobora gukora.

2. Kuganira n'umuyobozi wa banki

Banka nyinshi zisaba guhura n'umuyobozi w'ikigo cyangwa umuhagarariye wemewe. Iki kiganiro kigamije kumenya ibikorwa by'ikigo, inkomoko y'amafaranga, n'abakiriya. Ujye utegura ibisobanuro birambuye ku bucuruzi bwawe, ku isoko, no ku mishinga yawe.

3. Gutanga inyandiko no gusinya

Uzaha inyandiko zisabwa kandi usinye amasezerano ya banki. Menya ko banki ishobora gusaba ko umuntu ufite ububasha asinya imbere y'umukozi wa banki, cyangwa se ko inyandiko zimwe na zimwe zisaba kwemezwa n'ubuyobozi bukuru.

4. Kwemeza ibikorwa no kubona konti

Nyuma yo kwemeza, banki itanga nimero ya konti n'ibikoresho byo kuyikoresha (nka token, internet banking). Ibi bishobora gutwara ibyumweru bitatu kugeza kuri bitandatu cyangwa byinshi bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikigo n'ubwoko bwa banki. Ntibyiza kwizera ko bizaba byihuse.

Ibibazo bikunze kugaragara ku bashinze ibigo bo mu Rwanda

• Ururimi: Inyandiko nyinshi ziba mu Gishinwa. Ushobora gukenera umuhinduzi cyangwa umujyanama w'amategeko. Ntukemere gusinya inyandiko utazi neza ibiyirimo.
• Icyemezo cy'aho uherereye: Banki zisaba cyane ko ikigo kigira ibiro byemewe. Amasezerano y'ubukode agomba kuba ari mu izina ry'ikigo, atari iya muntu ku giti cye.
• Isesengura ry'inkomoko y'amafaranga: Kubera amategeko yo kurwanya icyaha cy'amafaranga, banki ishobora kubaza ibibazo byinshi ku nkomoko y'amafaranga n'ubwoko bw'ubucuruzi.
• Kuba kure: Niba utuye mu Rwanda, ushobora gukenera umuhagarariye cyangwa umuyobozi ufite ububasha mu Bushinwa kugira ngo akore ibikorwa bya buri munsi.

Inama z'ibikorwa

Tangira gutegura inyandiko mbere y'uko ikigo kirangiza iyandikishwa. Vugana n'abajyanama b'amategeko n'abasori mu Bushinwa kugira ngo umenye ibisabwa byose. Kora dosiye yuzuye y'inyandiko z'ikigo n'iz'ishoramari. Kora gahunda y'igihe iteganyije n'ibyumweru by'inshuro. Kandi, menya ko amategeko n'amabwiriza ya banki ashobora guhinduka, bityo ugomba kugenzura amakuru ya vuba kuri banki cyangwa ku buyobozi bubishinzwe.

Iyi ngingo ni amakuru rusange gusa kandi ntabwo ari inama z'amategeko cyangwa imisoro. Ku bibazo byihariye, jya uganira n'umujyanama w'amategeko wemewe mu Bushinwa cyangwa n'umujyanama w'imisoro.